It’s 2024, and we now have a fairly solid understanding of the following things:
Unfortunately, the answer for many of us is – we (or someone we know) has disclosed before, and suffered for it. Or perhaps we’ve seen the other ways discrimination has filtered in to our workplace (unconscious or not). You may simply not want to be treated differently from your colleagues.
Research has shown that people with hidden disabilities (like autism and ADHD) are also at risk of worse employment outcomes than their peers. Autistic individuals are more likely than their neurotypical peers to be un/underemployed, overqualified and/or overeducated . They are also more likely to be at risk for chronic stress conditions and burnout.
However, many neurodivergent people I’ve spoken have found that keeping their diagnosis as a “dirty secret” is distressing as they don’t feel like their authentic self. They are also unable to make adjustments to their work processes or ask for accommodations without disclosing. Perhaps there would be a more efficient way for them to work, however this would require being very vulnerable without a guarantee of safety.
Here are some things to consider before jumping in to disclosing your neurodivergence, and some tips to disclose safely.
Do we keep our neurodivergence to ourselves or open ourselves up to potential discrimination?
Read on to find some questions to ask and guidance on finding some safety while still being authentic.
Many larger companies and workplaces now have established disability and inclusion policies in places in order to protect staff from discrimination. Terms like “equal opportunity employer”, “diversity and inclusion” and “disability friendly” are often good signs - look for inclusive language when researching new employment options. Formal processes don’t always mean workplaces aren’t toxic, but they are a good start.
If you’re already employed, get to know any formal policies in place (ask HR if possible) around disability support and inclusion and try to get a feeling for your manager’s views on this area.
Take the time to notice how your managers and colleagues discuss disabilities, and reflect on whether the culture is supportive. Are people who have different communication styles supported? Or are people who seem different in some way ostracized?
A recent study uncovered that managers and HR professionals may lack understanding and knowledge of disabilities, particularly invisible ones. However if your manager is supportive in other ways, chances are they are keen to support your needs (and have the work performed effectively at the same time!).
In some workplaces your neurodiversity may have little/no impact on your ability to safely, happily and effectively work. If so (and you aren’t interested in disclosing) - great! Go about your business!
However, there may be times when accommodations may improve your working style and make you more efficient. In particular, changes to work environment can strongly improve the work performance of neurodivergent staff and increase their wellbeing. These may be accommodations you request, or agreed changes in process that you talk through with your manager.
The most successful time I disclosed my neurodiversity was to a supportive manager with limited experience with neurodiversity.
Knowing she had limited knowledge, I got a few wins under my belt, and then chose to disclose my support needs little by little, until I had fully disclosed my AuADHD status. I showed my strengths and explained how small adjustments to process and small accommodations could improve my performance.
First, I shared that I had a disorder that affected my working memory and flagged that there were a few processes I wanted help reviewing so I didn’t miss things.
Later, when my boss was more comfortable with making accommodations here and there, I shared my full diagnosis, and talked through what it meant.
I was very careful to share this when I was still performing well (rather than when I was in crisis/had made a big mistake). I also made a point to discuss both the strengths and weaknesses of my brain, and to keep an emphasis on my own accountability (while still acknowledging that I will need support at times).
I was very lucky to have a manager who was empathetic and a fabulous leader, however this was also a corporate workplace so processes and documentation were my friend.
For instance, when I had a period where my ADHD symptoms were very severe (yay perimenopause!) I flagged this with my manager and we put in place additional review processes and meetings for a period of time. After a while (when my symptoms had resolved somewhat) some of the processes we dropped (bye additional meetings) while some of the processes actually benefited the full team and were kept (inclusivity win!).
I also discussed my support needs, wins and accommodations in formal reviews so that there was documentation of my disability in the company record. This wasn’t needed but always something to consider.
In other words we may have periods where everything is stable/fine, and periods where our needs and abilities change.
It’s important that you acknowledge your strengths and the unique qualities you bring to your workplace.
And that your neurodiversity isn’t used as a catch-all excuse, or used to exclude you from opportunities.
Davies, J., Heasman, B., Livesey, A., Walker, A., Pellicano, E., & Remington, A. (2022). Autistic adults’ views and experiences of requesting and receiving workplace adjustments in the UK. PloS One, 17(8), e0272420–e0272420. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272420
Dita Nimante, Egija Laganovska & Robert Osgood (2023) To tell or not to tell – disclosure of autism in the workplace, International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 69:3, 414-423, DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2023.2193489
Patton, E. (2019). Autism, attributions and accommodations: Overcoming barriers and integrating a neurodiverse workforce. Personnel Review, 48(4), 915–934. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-04-2018-0116
Scott, M., Falkmer, M., Girdler, S., & Falkmer, T. (2015). Viewpoints on Factors for Successful Employment for Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder. PloS One, 10(10), e0139281–e0139281. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139281S
Weber, C., Krieger, B., Häne, E., Yarker, J., & McDowall, A. (2022). Physical workplace adjustments to support neurodivergent workers: A systematic review. Applied Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12431
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